Per mutation-lock



(ModeL) Y 2 Sheets- Sheet. 1. A. J. HALEY.

PERMUTATION LOGK.

Witmaooco (MOdeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet, 2.

A. J. HALEY.

PBRMUTATION LOOK.

a z .\w%

Patented Dec. 28 5.

WE l'wwooeo u PETERS. Pholo-Lithognphsf. Waihinginn. 11c.

UNIT D STATES AUSLEM J AYNE HALEY, OF DALLAS, TEXAS.

PERMUTATlON-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 355,076, dated December .28, 1886.

Application filed September 3, 1886. Serial No. 212,020. (ModeL) provide an improved permutation-lock which is especially adapted for use in safes, vaults, and the like, which shall possess superior advantages over others that have preceded it in points of simplicity, strength, and durabilityof construction, and cheapness in the manufacture thereof.

A further objectof my invention is to provide an improved lock of the class described which shall be so arranged that the parts will be more fully and completely protected from the attempts of burglars to destroy the same by drilling and blowing it by powder and other explosives. V

A further object of my invention is to provide improved means which can beeasily and readily adjusted and changed to change the combination of the safe, so that the combination is known only to the proprietor, and thereby further insure the safety of the apparatus, as will be more fully described hereinafter.

In theaccompanying drawings, which illustrate a permutation-lock embodying my invention, Figure 1 is a front View taken from the outside of the safe-door. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the safe-door with the back plate removed. Fig.3 is a vertical sectional view on the line 00 0c of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional View on the liner y of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a detached detail view of the rotary disk, with'the spiral ribs and the locking-bolts actuated by the disk. Fig. 6 is a detached detail View of the parts of the main locking mechanism carried by the arbor which actuates the rotary ribbed disk. Fig. 7 is a detail view of the auxiliary locking-device for one of the locking-bolts.

Referring to the drawings, in which like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in allthe figures, A designates the door of the safe, vault, or other structure to which it is desired to apply my improved permutationlock. This door is hinged in any suitable manner, so that it will be free to swing inwardly and. outwardly, and it is provided with alarge circular recess, a, atits middle,asmaller recess, a, ofsimilar form, at one side of therecess a and openinginto the same, and the inner face with spirally-arranged ribs or flanges b,'which are spaced to form intermediate grooves or channels, in which are fitted inwardly-projecting pins or studs 0 on the inner free ends of the endwise-moving lockingbolts 0, which are fitted and free to move in the radial channels a of the door A, whereby when the disk is rotated the spiral ribs thereon will act upon the pins or studs of the lockingbolts to move them simultaneously into en gagement with their keepers. It will thus be seen that all of the locking-bolts can be moved simultaneously to project them beyond the edges of the door and into their keepers, or to retract them within the door and allow the latter to be swung open on its hinges, as is usual.

In'the accompanying drawings 1 have shown four locking-bolts; which extend beyond the four side edges of the door A; but it will be understood that I hold myself at liberty to vary the number of bolts and channels in which they are arranged and guided.

The rotary ribbed disk B is fitted on and carried bya tubular shaft or arbor, D, that is arranged in a suitable transverse opening in the door A, and is journaled therein, and the outer end of the arbor, which projects beyond the door, is provided with an enlargement, d, which forms a head or handle, by means of which the arbor and disk can be easily and readily rotated or turned. Between this handle or enlargement d and the outer face of the door is formed a plate or disk, d, which has a mark or figure thereon to indicate the relative position of the rotary disk on a dial, D, which has the usual subdivisions thereon, and a mark or character, 0, which, for the sake of convenience, I will term the neutral line or zero-point. WVhen the handle or enlargement d of the rotary arbor is turned by the hand of the operator, the disk (1 is also turned and its mark or character moves past the subdivisions on the dial D, the rotary ribbed disk being also turned to actuate the locking-bolts longitudinally.

E designates a guard plate or disk, which is rigidly affixed to the rotary ribbed disk, on the outer side thereof, so as to protect the said disk against the action of drills in the hands of burglars in attempting to destroy and rob the safe and vault. This guard-disk E is tempered to a very high degree, until it is rendered almost impermeable by a drill; and it is affixed to the rotary disk in any suitable manner, so that it will rotate wit-h the disk and arbor. I

F designates a protector-plate that is rigidly affixed to the door A, on the inner side thereof,

so as to conceal the spirally-arranged ribs and the inner ends of the locking-bolts, and this plate is provided with guide-flanges on one or more of its sides, through which-are passed the inner ends of the locking-bolts, which are more effectually retained in place and guided in their movements, the inner ends of the locking-bolts being arranged in rear of the protector-plate, so as to be concealed thereby.

G designates a central shaft or arbor, which is extended through the tubular arbor, and carries at its inner end the tumblers H I, presently described. This supplemental arbor is provided on its outer end with a handle or finger-piece for its convenient rotation, and with a dial, having the usual subdivisions or marks to guide the operator in opening the lock. The outer portion of this supplemental shaft or arbor is made square or of other angular form in cross-section, and the inner end of the said shaft is exteriorly screw-threaded, asshown. The tumblers H I are fitted on the squared inner end of the supplemental shaft exterior to and alongside of the protectorplate F. The tumbler H is provided with a squared central opening, so that it is rotated with the-shaft when it is turned, while the tumbler I is loosely supported on the shaft and does not partake of its motion. The tumbler H thus forms the live or active tumbler and the tumbler I the dead tumbler. Each of these tumblers is. provided with a radial slot or recess, j, which slots are adapted to align 'with each other when the shaft is properly inwardly and withdrawn from the'keeper.

The dead or inactive tumbler I is provided I I in its edge or periphery with a series of perforations, h, in one of which is fitted a detaining-pin, h, which is adapted to come in contact with the dog on one of the bolts to limit the K designates a guide for the dog on the locking-bolt, which is fitted and held on the th rcaded end of the supplemental shaft, and held in proper place by means of a coiled spring, k, and an adjusting-nut, k, which are fitted on the threaded end of the shaft; and the outer or free end of the guide is slotted longitudinally, so that the angular lip on the upper inner end of the dog will slide or ride in the slot when the bolt is retracted within the edges of the door A, as will be very readily understood. This dog, which, for the sake of convenience, I havelettered' L, is rigidly affixed to one of the locking-bolts, at or near the up per end thereof, and it is provided with a rightangled lip or arm, Z, which is free to ride in the aligned slots of the.dead and live tumblers, as hereinbefore described. This'dog is ICO detachably connected to the locking bolt by means of a screw or screws, or other suitable means, so that it can be very readily and easily detached from one bolt and applied to another bolt; and the relative position of the active tumbler on the supplemental shaft and the'pin h in the periphery of the inactive tumbler can be varied to adapt their slots to align in the proper position for the dog and its lip to enter the slots therein, as is necessary when the locking-bolts are to be retracted within the edges of the door, as will be very readily understood.

' M designates'the auxiliary locking mechanism, which is arranged to one side of the main locking mechanism hereinbefore described.

This auxiliary locking mechanism comprises a single tumbler, N, which is arranged or fitted inthe recess a of the door, a shaft or arbor, a, that is passed through and jonrnaled in a suitable opening in the safe or vault door, and a dial, a, that is rigidly aflixed to and rotates with the arbor and the tumbler. This tumbler is afiixed on the arbor or shaft by means of a nut, a, that works on a threaded end of the shaft, whereby the relative position of the arbor and the tumbler can be varied in changing the combination of the lock; and this tumbler is provided with a radial open ends thereof, so as to provide a multiplicity of points which engage the recesses or keep ers of the safe.

This being the construction of my invention,

the operation thereof is as follows: The parts being in the position shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the enlargement of the tubular arbor is grasped and rotated to the right for a limited distance, so as to cause the spiral ribs at the outer edge of the rotary disk to act upon the studs or pins on the inner ends of lockingbolts 0, and to retract the latter slightly. The supplemental shaft or arbor is now turned or rotated to the right completely for two or three times, so that the pin 72/ of the dead or inactive tumbler will strike against the dog L in one of the locking-bolts, and the shaft is then turned or rotated in the reverse direction, or to the left, until the disk or dial thereon has registered with the proper mark on the register, thus bringing the slots of the live and dead tumblers on the shaft in line with each other, and thereby adjusting or setting the combina tion of the main locking mechanism. The shaft or arbor of the auxiliary locking mechanism is now rotated the proper number of times, until the slot in the tumbler carried by the said arbor is in alignment with the pin or detent m on one of the locking-bolts, after which the tubular shaft is again rotated or turned in the proper direction to cause the spiral ribs on the rotary disks to act upon the pins of the locking-bolts and withdraw the latter from their keepers and within the edges of the door, to permit the latter to swing open upon its hinges, the dogL on one of the bolts entering the aligned slots of the tumblers H I and the pin or detent m entering the slot of the tumbler of the auxiliary lockingmeehanism, as will be readily understood.

To look the parts it is only necessary to first rotate the tubular a'rbor and the ribbed disk in the reverse direction to project the lockingbolts into their keepers, and then rotate the supplemental shaft to throw the slots in the tumblers H I out of line, and also turn the shaft of the auxiliary mechanism to turn the slot in the tumbler N out of line with thelocking-bolt which carries the detent m, as will be readily understood. It will thus be seen that I provide a permutation-lock which cannot be easily reached by the drills of a burglar, for the reason that the vital and operative parts of the same are effectually protected by means of the steel guard disk or plate that is arranged in front of the rotary ribbed disk. In order to open the lock it is. necessary to adjust three mechanisms-first the rotary ribbed disk; second, the supplemental shaft,-with its tumblers H I; and, finally, the auxiliary mechanism M. The locking-bolts cannot be moved without first adjusting all of these devices properly, because if the tumblers H I are-not turned so that their slots are in line the dog on one of the locking-bolts will abut against the periphery of one of the tumblers, and thus prevent further movement of the locking-bolt; and, again, if the tumbler N on the shaft or arbor of the auxiliary mechanism be not turned so that its slot is in line wit-h the detent on the locking-bolt, the said detent .will strike against the periphery of the tumbler N, and thus prevent the retrograde movement of the locking-bolt.

The dog, the tumblers H I of the main looking mechanism, and the tumblerh of theauxiliary mechanism can be readilyadjusted to change the combination of the look, so that should a burglar be in possession of one of the combinations he will be baffled in opening the .lock, for the reason that he cannot manipulate the parts to attain the combinations which are necessary to open the look at all.

My improvements are simple and strong in construction, easily and readily operated, and entirely burglar-proof.

Slight changes in the form andproportion of parts can be made without departing from the principle of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claimas new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a permutation-lock, the combination of a rotary arbor, a spirally-ribbed disk carried by the arbor, a guard plate or disk in front of said ribbed disk, and the radial locking-bolts having pins or studs working in the channels of the disk formed by theribs thereon,

substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

2. In a permutation-lock, the combination of a tubular rotary arbor, the spirally-ribbed disk carried by the said arbor, the endwise-moving bolts having the pins or studs actuated by said disk, the guard-plate arranged in front of the disk, the supplemental shaft or arbor extend ing through the tubular rotary arbor, the dog carried by one of the locking-bolts, and the tumblers carried by the said supplemental shaft, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

3. In a permutation-lock, the combination of a tubular rotary arbor, a spirally-ribbed disk carried thereby, the endwise moving locking-bolts actuated by the said disk and having detents m the main locking mechanism, substantially as described, and a slotted tumbler arranged at one side of the rotary disk and carried'by an arbor, by which it is turned to adjust its slot in line with the detent m on one of the locking-bolts, substantially as described.

4. In a permutation-lock, the combination of a tubular rotary arbor, a disk carried by the arbor and having the spirally-arranged ribs or flanges on its face, the protecting-disk arranged in front of the ribbed disk, the endwise-n1oving locking-bolts having the pins or studs which work in the channels formed by the spiral ribs, the supplemental shaft passing through the tubular arbor, the slotted tumblers carried by the supplemental shaft, the

dog L, aflixed to one of the locking-bolts, and

a shaft arranged to one side of the rotary disk and having a slotted tumbler, N, that is adapted-to be adjusted so that its slotisin line with a detent, m, on one of the locking-bolts, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a supplemental shaft having the squared and threaded portions, the loose tumbler H, fitted on the shaft and having the adjustable pin h, the slotted rigid tumbler I, also fitted on the shaft and normally in contact with the loose tumbler, a spring bearing against the rigid tumbler, and a nut fitted on the threaded portion of the shaft and bearing against the spring, substantially as described.

6. In a permutation-look, the combination of a rotary arbor carrying a ribbed disk, the endwise moving bolts connected to the disk and actuated simultaneously thereby, a supplemental shaft, the slotted live and dead tumblers carried by the supplemental shaft, and a dog carried by one of the locking-bolts and adapted to enter the slots of thelive and dead tumblers When they are in alignment, substan- -tially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoingas my own I have hereto afiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

AUSLEM JAYNE HALEY.

Witnesses:

J AS. D. ADAMS, A. E. PEoK, 

